| Returns the nodata value of the specified band as a double. Returns null if the band has no nodata value defined. | rs_band_no_data_value |
| Retrieves the file path of an out-of-database (out-db) raster band, returning the external raster file location referenced by the raster. | rs_band_path |
| Returns the pixel data type of the specified band as a string. | rs_band_pixel_type |
| Collapses all bands into a single band with a new dimension. | rs_band_to_dim |
| Returns true if the first argument's extent contains the second. | rs_contains |
| Returns the convex hull geometry of a raster. | rs_convex_hull |
| Returns the CRS string for a raster. | rs_crs |
| Returns the ordered list of dimension names for a raster band. | rs_dim_names |
| Returns the size of a named dimension in a raster band. | rs_dim_size |
| Promotes a within-band dimension into separate bands. | rs_dim_to_band |
| Returns the envelope (bounding box) of a raster as a geometry. | rs_envelope |
| Creates a simple example raster for testing and demos. | rs_example |
| Creates an out-of-database raster from a raster file path. | rs_from_path |
| Returns the georeference metadata of raster as a string in GDAL or ESRI format as commonly seen in a world file. Default is GDAL if not specified. Both formats output six lines: scalex, skewy, skewx, scaley, upperleftx, upperlefty. In GDAL format the upper-left coordinates refer to the corner of the upper-left pixel, while in ESRI format they are shifted to the center of the upper-left pixel. | rs_geo_reference |
| Returns the height of a raster in pixels. | rs_height |
| Returns true if the extents of the two arguments intersect. | rs_intersects |
| Returns true when the raster has zero visible volume — some dimension has length 0, so it holds no cells. This is visible-volume emptiness, not byte-emptiness: a lazy raster whose pixels are resolved on demand carries no bytes but is not empty. | rs_is_empty |
| Returns raster metadata as a struct. | rs_meta_data |
| Returns the number of bands in the raster. | rs_num_bands |
| Returns the number of dimensions in a raster band. | rs_num_dimensions |
| Returns the centroid of the specified pixel as a Point geometry. | rs_pixel_as_centroid |
| Returns the upper-left corner of the specified pixel as a Point geometry. | rs_pixel_as_point |
| Returns the bounding polygon of the specified pixel. | rs_pixel_as_polygon |
| Converts raster pixel coordinates to world coordinates as a point. | rs_raster_to_world_coord |
| Converts raster pixel coordinates to world X coordinate. | rs_raster_to_world_coord_x |
| Converts raster pixel coordinates to world Y coordinate. | rs_raster_to_world_coord_y |
| Returns the raster rotation in radians based on skew parameters. | rs_rotation |
| Returns the pixel width (scale X) of a raster. | rs_scale_x |
| Returns the pixel height (scale Y) of a raster. | rs_scale_y |
| Sets the nodata value of the specified band, packing the value into the band's native data type. A null raster, band, or nodata value yields a null raster. This is metadata-only: raster cell values are not modified. | rs_set_band_no_data_value |
| Sets the Coordinate Reference System (CRS) for a raster. | rs_set_crs |
| Sets the affine geotransform of a raster from a world-file georeference string of six whitespace-separated numbers in the order scalex, skewy, skewx, scaley, upperleftx, upperlefty — the same order RS_GeoReference emits. The format is 'GDAL' (default) or 'ESRI'; in GDAL the upper-left coordinates refer to the corner of the upper-left pixel, while in ESRI they refer to its center. This is metadata-only: raster cell values are not resampled. | rs_set_geo_reference |
| Sets the SRID (spatial reference identifier) for a raster. | rs_set_srid |
| Returns the shape (size of each dimension) of a raster band. | rs_shape |
| Returns the X skew (rotation) parameter of a raster. | rs_skew_x |
| Returns the Y skew (rotation) parameter of a raster. | rs_skew_y |
| Selects a single index along a dimension, removing that dimension from the output. | rs_slice |
| Narrows a dimension to a half-open range, keeping the dimension with reduced size. | rs_slice_range |
| Returns the SRID of a raster. | rs_srid |
| Returns the upper-left X coordinate of a raster. | rs_upper_left_x |
| Returns the upper-left Y coordinate of a raster. | rs_upper_left_y |
| Returns the value of a single raster pixel as a double, selected by a point geometry. Returns null if the location is outside the raster or the pixel holds the band's nodata value. | rs_value |
| Returns the width of a raster in pixels. | rs_width |
| Returns true if the first argument's extent is within the second. | rs_within |
| Converts world coordinates to raster coordinates as a point. | rs_world_to_raster_coord |
| Converts world coordinates to raster X coordinate. | rs_world_to_raster_coord_x |
| Converts world coordinates to raster Y coordinate. | rs_world_to_raster_coord_y |
| Applies an affine transformation to a geometry. | sd_affine |
| Computes the statistics of geometries for the input geometry or geography. | sd_analyze_agg |
| Returns the area of a geometry or geography. | sd_area |
| Converts a geometry or geography to Well-Known Binary (WKB) format. | sd_as_binary |
| Returns the EWKB representation of a geometry or geography. | sd_as_ewkb |
| Returns the GeoJSON representation of a geometry. | sd_as_geo_json |
| Returns the Well-Known Text string representation of a geometry or geography. | sd_as_text |
| Returns the azimuth between two points in radians, or NULL if not available. | sd_azimuth |
| Returns the closure of the combinatorial boundary of this geometry or geography. | sd_boundary |
| Computes a geometry or geography that represents all points whose distance from the input is less than or equal to a specified distance. | sd_buffer |
| Returns the S2 cell ID containing the given point geography at the maximum S2 level (30). | sd_cell_id_from_point |
| Returns the centroid of a geometry or geography. | sd_centroid |
| Returns the 2-dimensional point on geom1 that is closest to geom2. | sd_closest_point |
| Combines multiple geometries from a set of rows into a single collection. | sd_collect_agg |
| Returns a concave hull enclosing the input geometry. | sd_concave_hull |
| Returns true if geomA contains geomB. | sd_contains |
| Returns the Convex Hull of a geometry or geography. | sd_convex_hull |
| Returns true if geomA is covered by geomB. | sd_covered_by |
| Returns an array of S2 cell IDs that cover the given geography. | sd_covering_cell_ids |
| Returns true if geomA covers geomB. | sd_covers |
| Returns true if A crosses B. | sd_crosses |
| Returns the Coordinate Reference System (CRS) metadata associated with a geometry or geography object. | sd_crs |
| Returns true if two geometries or geographies are within a specified distance of each other. | sd_d_within |
| Computes the difference between geomA and geomB. | sd_difference |
| Returns the dimension of the geometry or geography. | sd_dimension |
| Returns true if geomA is disjoint from geomB. | sd_disjoint |
| Returns the distance between two geometries or geographies. | sd_distance |
| Expands multi-part geometries into child parts | sd_dump |
| Returns last point of a linestring. | sd_end_point |
| Returns the bounding box (envelope) of a geometry or geography as a new geometry. | sd_envelope |
| An aggregate function that returns the collective bounding box (envelope) of a set of geometries. | sd_envelope_agg |
| Returns true if geomA equals geomB. | sd_equals |
| Returns a new geometry with the X and Y coordinates of each vertex swapped. | sd_flip_coordinates |
| Forces a geometry or geography into a XY coordinate model. | sd_force2d |
| Forces a geometry or geography into a XYZ coordinate model with an optional Z value. | sd_force3d |
| Forces a geometry or geography into a XYM coordinate model with an optional M value. | sd_force3dm |
| Forces a geometry or geography into a XYZM coordinate model with optional Z and M values. | sd_force4d |
| Constructs a Geography from WKB Binary. | sd_geog_from_wkb |
| Constructs a Geography from WKT. | sd_geog_from_wkt |
| Creates a geography POINT from given longitude and latitude coordinates. | sd_geog_point |
| Constructs a GeometryCollection from Well-Known Text (WKT), erroring if the input is not a GeometryCollection. | sd_geom_coll_from_text |
| Constructs a geometry from Extended Well-Known Binary (EWKB). | sd_geom_from_ewkb |
| Constructs a geometry from Extended Well-Known Text (EWKT). | sd_geom_from_ewkt |
| Constructs a Geometry from Well-Known Binary (WKB). | sd_geom_from_wkb |
| Constructs a Geometry from Well-Known Text (WKT). | sd_geom_from_wkt |
| Returns the 1-based Nth geometry if the geometry is a GEOMETRYCOLLECTION, (MULTI)POINT, (MULTI)LINESTRING, MULTICURVE or (MULTI)POLYGON. | sd_geometry_n |
| Returns the type of a geometry or geography. | sd_geometry_type |
| Returns true if the geometry has a M dimension. | sd_has_m |
| Returns true if the geometry has a Z dimension. | sd_has_z |
| Returns the Nth interior ring of a polygon. | sd_interior_ring_n |
| Computes the intersection of two geometries or geographies. | sd_intersection |
| Returns the cumulative intersection of all geometries in the input. | sd_intersection_agg |
| Returns true if geomA intersects geomB. | sd_intersects |
| Returns true if the LINESTRING start and end point are the same. | sd_is_closed |
| Returns true if the geometry or geography type of the input is a collection type. | sd_is_collection |
| Returns true if the geometry or geography is empty. | sd_is_empty |
| Returns true if a linestring is ST_IsClosed and ST_IsSimple. | sd_is_ring |
| Tests if geometry's only self-intersections are at boundary points. | sd_is_simple |
| Checks whether a geometry meets the rules of a valid spatial object according to the OGC standard. | sd_is_valid |
| Returns a text explanation describing why a geometry is invalid. | sd_is_valid_reason |
| Returns true if geomA finds k nearest neighbors from geomB. | sd_knn |
| Returns the length of a geometry or geography. | sd_length |
| Constructs a LineString from Well-Known Text (WKT), erroring if the input is not a LineString. | sd_line_from_text |
| Returns a point interpolated along a line. | sd_line_interpolate_point |
| Returns the location of the closest point on a LineString as a fraction of its total length. | sd_line_locate_point |
| Merges a collection of potentially connected line segments into the fewest possible LineStrings. | sd_line_merge |
| Returns a linestring being a substring of the input one starting and ending at the given fractions of total 2d length. | sd_line_substring |
| Returns the M (measure) coordinate of a Point geometry. | sd_m |
| Constructs a MultiLineString from Well-Known Text (WKT), erroring if the input is not a MultiLineString. | sd_m_line_from_text |
| Returns the maximum M (measure) value from a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_m_max |
| Returns the minimum M-coordinate (measure) of a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_m_min |
| Constructs a MultiPoint from Well-Known Text (WKT), erroring if the input is not a MultiPoint. | sd_m_point_from_text |
| Constructs a MultiPolygon from Well-Known Text (WKT), erroring if the input is not a MultiPolygon. | sd_m_poly_from_text |
| Creates a LineString from two or more input geometries. | sd_make_line |
| Creates a valid representation of an invalid geometry. | sd_make_valid |
| Returns the maximum distance between any pair of points in two geometries or geographies. | sd_max_distance |
| Returns the minimum clearance of a geometry. | sd_minimum_clearance |
| Returns a LineString representing the minimum clearance distance of the input geometry. | sd_minimum_clearance_line |
| Missing argument sentinel | sd_missing_arg |
| Returns the number of points of the geometry or geography. | sd_n_points |
| Returns the total number of rings in a geometry or geography (both exterior and interior rings). | sd_n_rings |
| Returns the geometry or geography in its canonical form. | sd_normalize |
| Returns the number of geometries in a geometry or geography collection. | sd_num_geometries |
| Returns the number of interior rings (holes) in a polygon geometry or geography. | sd_num_interior_rings |
| Returns the number of points of a linestring geometry or geography. | sd_num_points |
| Returns true if A overlaps B. | sd_overlaps |
| Calculates the perimeter of a given geometry or geography. | sd_perimeter |
| Constructs a Point Geometry from X and Y. | sd_point |
| Constructs a Point from Well-Known Text (WKT), erroring if the input is not a Point. | sd_point_from_text |
| Constructs a Point with an M (measure) coordinate from X, Y, and M values. | sd_point_m |
| Returns the Nth point in a linestring. | sd_point_n |
| Returns a point guaranteed to lie on the surface of a geometry or geography. | sd_point_on_surface |
| Constructs a Point with a Z coordinate from X, Y, and Z values. | sd_point_z |
| Constructs a Point with X, Y, Z and M coordinates. | sd_point_zm |
| Returns a MultiPoint geometry consisting of all the coordinates of the input geometry or geography. | sd_points |
| Constructs a Polygon from Well-Known Text (WKT), erroring if the input is not a Polygon. | sd_polygon_from_text |
| Builds a polygonal geometry from linear components in the input geometry. | sd_polygonize |
| Creates polygons from a set of geometries that contain linework representing the edges of a polygon. | sd_polygonize_agg |
| Reduces the coordinate precision of a geometry or geography to the specified grid size. | sd_reduce_precision |
| Returns the DE-9IM intersection matrix string for two geometries, or tests whether two geometries satisfy a given intersection matrix pattern. | sd_relate |
| Returns the geometry or geography with vertex order reversed. | sd_reverse |
| Rotates a geometry counter-clockwise around the Z axis by an angle in radians. | sd_rotate |
| Rotates a geometry around the X axis by an angle in radians. | sd_rotate_x |
| Rotates a geometry around the Y axis by an angle in radians. | sd_rotate_y |
| Scales a geometry by multiplying ordinates with scale factors. | sd_scale |
| Densifies a geometry by adding intermediate points along segments that exceed a maximum length. | sd_segmentize |
| Sets the Coordinate Reference System (CRS) for a geometry. | sd_set_crs |
| Sets the SRID (spatial reference identifier) for a geometry. | sd_set_srid |
| Simplifies an input geometry or geography using the Douglas-Peucker algorithm. | sd_simplify |
| Simplifies a geometry, ensuring the result is a valid geometry with the same topology. | sd_simplify_preserve_topology |
| Snaps input geometry to reference geometry within tolerance. | sd_snap |
| Returns the SRID (spatial reference identifier) of a geometry. | sd_srid |
| Returns the start point of a linestring geometry. | sd_start_point |
| Returns the parts of geometries or geographies A and B that do not overlap. | sd_sym_difference |
| Converts a geometry to geography, densifying edges to approximate planar lines as geodesic segments. | sd_tessellate_geog |
| Converts a geography to geometry, densifying edges to approximate geodesic segments as planar lines. | sd_tessellate_geom |
| Converts a geometry to a geography by changing the edge interpretation to spherical. | sd_to_geography |
| Converts a geography to a geometry by changing the edge interpretation to planar. | sd_to_geometry |
| Returns true if A touches B. | sd_touches |
| Transforms a geometry from one coordinate reference system to another. | sd_transform |
| Returns a geometry with coordinates translated by deltaX and deltaY. | sd_translate |
| Returns a single geometry which is the union of all components. | sd_unary_union |
| Returns a geometry or geography that represents the point set union of two geometries or geographies. | sd_union |
| Returns a geometry that represents the point set union of all geometries. | sd_union_agg |
| Returns true if A is completely inside B. | sd_within |
| Returns the X coordinate (longitude for geography) of the point, or NULL if not available. | sd_x |
| Returns the maximum X coordinate (longitude for geography) of a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_x_max |
| Returns the minimum X coordinate (longitude for geography) of a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_x_min |
| Returns the Y coordinate (latitude for geography) of the point, or NULL if not available. | sd_y |
| Returns the maximum Y coordinate (latitude for geography) of a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_y_max |
| Returns the minimum Y coordinate (latitude for geography) of a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_y_min |
| Returns the Z coordinate of the point, or NULL if not available. | sd_z |
| Returns the maximum Z coordinate of a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_z_max |
| Returns the minimum Z coordinate of a geometry or geography's bounding box. | sd_z_min |
| Returns a code indicating the dimension of the coordinates in a geometry. | sd_zmflag |
